Ship&#39;s water-closet.



Patented Oct. 28, |902.

y .1. L. MoTT, 1n. SHIPS WATER CLOSET.

(Application mea my' 1, 1900.5

2 Sheets- Sheet I,

(llo Model.)

WITNESSES:

ATTORNEYS me cams PETERS cov, Puofauwo., wAsHmGToN, u. c,

No. 7|2,|46. Patented out. 2s, i902.

` J. L. MUTT, 1n.

smPs WATER cLosEr.

` (Application led May l, 1900.) (N0 Modal.)

wlTN-ssE y INVENTOR i 7 NMi-w s l v g/ BY mi( y i ATTORNEYS 1H: NormsPnzns ca. PHoroLlmu. wnsmnloow, n. e.

UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICE.

JORDAN L. MOTT, JR., OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO THE J. L. MOTTIRONVORKS, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION.

sHlPs wATER-cLosE-r.

.SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 712,146, dated October28, 1 902.

Application filed May 1| 1900.

To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, J oRDAN L. MOTT, Jr., a citizen of the UnitedStates, and a resident of the city of New York, borough of Manhattan,inthe county of NewYork and State of New York, have invented a new andImproved Ships Water-Closet, of which the following is afull, clear, andexact description.

My invention relates toan improvementin the means for flushing andemptying waterclosets, especially of that -class which are so placedthat they may have to be discharged against a head of water-such, forinstance, as where they are placed aboard a ship and near or beneath theWater-line. The device will be herein described as applied to a ship,although it will be evident that the` same construction or portionsthereof might be used with advantage in many other places where similarconditions are meta-as, for instance, in connection with Wash-basins,bath-tubs, or other plumbing fixtures. It has been heretofore commonpractice to equip closets placed under such conditions with a pump whichis operated by hand to flush the closet and to discharge the contentsthereof through a pipe into the sea. This besides being a matter ofconsiderablebother is apt to be neglected and for many reasons isunsatisfactory, especially for use upon private yachts. l

The principal object of my invention has been to produce a deviceforaccomplishing this purpose which shall be power-operated and, as faras possible,automatic in its action, so that it will onlyT be necessaryto start the device in operation by pushinga button or lever or somesuch equivalent-construction and which Will run a suflicient time tothoroughly flush and' discharge the closet and will then beautomatically stopped. y Y

Another feature of my device is that it is provided with an automaticstarting and stopping device for the motor which is controlled by thelevel of Water in the hopper, so that if water leaks into the hopperthrough the outboard connections or enters it from any source the Waterwill not be permitted to rise to such a height as to overow.

I have herein shown my device as operated by means of an electric motor,although Serial No. 15,105. (No modelJ it is evident that other forms ofmotors may be substituted therefor.

My invention comprises the novel parts and combinations of partswhich-will be hereinafter described, and particularly pointed out in theclaims.

Figure l is a plan of my device. Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation takenupon the irregular line 2 2 of Fig. l. Fig. 3 isa partial sectionalelevation upon the line 3 3 of Fig. l. Fig. 4 is a sectional plan takenthrough the boxes K1 and K' containing the velectric switches and themeans for operating them. Y In the accompanying drawings I have shown myinvention embodied in the form at l present preferred by'me; but it willbe understood that various modiiications and changes may be made Withoutdeparting from the spirit of my invention and Without exceeding thescope of my claims.

The following'is a description of my invention as embodied in theaccompanying drawings.

The device is herein shown as being mounted upon a base-plate A, whichis of sufficient size to hold all of the parts of the device so thatthey will be retained firmly in their proper position and may be placedas a whole in the ship or wherever they are to be used. This is,however,a feature which mayin some cases be omitted, the framework ofthe structure within which the device is to be placed in such case beingutilized to retain the parts in their proper position.

The hopper H may be in the main of any desired or preferredvconstruction. At some convenient point adjacent to the hopper the pumpsB and D are located. The pumpD is a i'lushing-pump-that is,it receivesits supply of water from outside the ship or from any convenient sourcethrough a pipe S and discharges the .major part of this Water through apipe d into the hopper of the closet in any preferred manner. A portionof the water from this pump is'discharged through a pipe d for a purposewhich will be hereinafter explained. The pump B is the discharging-pumpand has a suction connection by means of the pipe b with the bottom ofthe hopper. This pump discharges through the pipe b', which opensoutwardly through the ICO side of the ship. This pipe is provided with acheck-valve, as U, (see Fig. 2,) which will prevent backiiow of water.This valve is herein shown as being provided 'with a locking deviceconsisting of a threaded stern u, which passes through the side of apipe and is adapted to engage the valve to hold it positively upon itsseat. The stem u extends outside the pipe and has a handle or wheel u',by which it may be readily operated. When it is desired to close thisvalve, so as to make it impossible for any leakage to occur, the stem uis screwed down until it comes firmly in contact with the valve U.

The two pump-cylinders B and D are each provided with a piston,thepiston D' of the cylinder D being shown in Fig. 3. The pistonrods B2 andD2 extend through suitable glands or packing devices to the outside ofthe cylinder and are connected by means of rods D3 and B3 with -theirrespective crank-wheels G and I. These crank-wheels are herein shown asbeing formed of worm-gears, which mesh respectively with the worms G andI', one of these being made right-handed and the other left-handed inorder to neutralize the end thrust thereof. Both worms are formed uponor connected to the shaft C, upon which the armature of the motor C ismounted. This shaft is also shown as provided with a wheel C2, whichserves both as arly-wheel and as a hand-wheel, by which the motor may beassisted in starting if such assistance should at any time be necessary.This shaft C is journaled in bearings formed upon the upper end of thestandard A2 and upon an arm A2, which extends from the standard A, uponwhich the motor is mounted.

At a convenient point adjacent to the pumps are placed tworegulating-cylinders F. and F, which are shown in section in Fig. 2.Upon the upper ends of these cylinders are mounted casings or boxes Kand K', within each of which is mounted an electrical switch and themeans for controlling the same by means of floats placed in thecylinders E and F. The cylinder E is connected, by means of the pipe d',with the flushing-pump D. This pipe is provided with a valve d2, bymeans of which the amount of water discharged into the cylinder E iscontrolled. The two cylinders E and F are also connected by means of apipe e, in which is placed a valve e', by means of which the rapidity offlow of water through this pipe may be controlled. Near their upper endsthe two cylinders are also connected by means of an overflow-pipe e2.Within the cylinder E is a float L, which rises as the water is forcedinto the cylinder. The two valves e and cl3, which are located uponopposite sides of the cylinder, are so regulated that the dischargethrough the valve e' is less than the supply which enters through thevalve d3, and as a consequence the float L will be gradually raiseduntil it finally strikes the pin or rod N, which slides through theupper end of the cylinder and projects into the box or casing K. Thisbox or casing contains the switch by means of which the circuit iscompleted through the motor and the means by which said switch is thrownout of action under the iniiuence of the float L. The switch, as hereinshown, consists of a three-arm lever N, which is pivoted upon a pin n.The arm n is adapted to enter between the two contact-plates P, whichare connected with the binding-posts p and p', said posts beingconnected in the motor-circuit. The lever N is provided with a weightn2, which normally holds the switch out of action or in the positionshown in Fig. 2. Placed above one end of the lever is a pin or rod Q,which is held in raised position by means of a spring Q. When this ispressed down, it engages the lever in such manner as to raise thecounterweighted end thereof and to swing the contact-arm nbctween thetwo plates P, and thus to complete the circuit of the motor. When thecounterweighted arm is raised, its end engages a shoulder O' upon oneend of a bell-crank lever O, the other end of said lever being placeddirectly over and where it will be engaged by the rod or pin N', whichis raised by the i'loat L. As the pumps are operated by the motor aportion of the water from the flushing-pump D passes through the pipeCZ/ into the cylinder E, and as the outlet-opening to said cylinderissmaller than the inlet-opening the float L will be raised until the pinor rod N' is made to raise one end ot' thebell-crank lever O. When thishappens, the counterweighted end of the lever N is released and theswitch is thrown out of action, thereby stopping the motor. The meansfor starting and stopping the n10- tor controlled by the level of waterin the hopper is connected with the cylinder F. The electrical devicesof this mechanism are contained in lthe casing or box K. Within thecylinder F is a weight or iioat L', which is normally supported by thewater in said cylinder at a certain height. The cylinder F is connectedby means of a pipefwith the hopper. As herein shown, the connection iswith the suction-pipe ZJ; but this is the equivalent of a directconnection with the hopper. The level of the water in the cylinder Fthus corresponds with the level of water in the hopper. As thisWater-level rises the float L is raised until it reaches such a pointthat it actuates the switch-controlling mechanism to start the motor. Asthe water is lowered the weight L falls, and thus disconnects the switchand stops the motor. The switch is constructed in much the same form asthat shown in connection with the cylinder E that is, it consists of twoplates P', which are connected with binding-postsp2 and p8 and a bar R2,which is pivoted so as to swing between these plates, and thus tocomplete the circuit through said plates. Upon the pivot of the bar R2is pivoted a second bar R, which is provided with a counterweight R4 onone end thereof and has an arm R extending in TOO IIO

an opposite direction and adapted to be engaged by the arm m of abell-crank lever, the other arm thereof, m, being connected with the rodL2, to which the iioat or weight L' is connected. The counterweightedend of the lever R is normally held raised by means of a bell-cranklever T, one arm of which has a pin t, adapted to be engaged by the endof the 1ever R, and the other arm of which projects into the path of therod-L2, so that when the iioat L rises the -bell-crank lever T will be ymoved so as to free the counterweighted lever R. When this happens, thebar R2 is.

swung into place between thetwo plates P', the circuit is closed, andthe motor started. As the water falls the vbell-crank lever m is swungdownward, the arm m thereof engaging the arm R to raise thecounterweighted lever. The switch-arm R2 has an extension r, whichcarries a laterally-extending pin adapted to engage the arm Rwhen thetwov are in one position. The plates P grip the bar R2 to hold it withsome force'up to a certain point, when the further progress of the baris not resisted. During the raising movement of the lever R theswitch-bar R2 is not moved until the pin in the extension fr' isengaged. During this period the spring Rs is being put under tension. Assoon as the bar R2 has passed the critical pointin its engagement withthe plates P the spring R3 will quickly complete its withdrawal. Thiswill not occur until the counterweighted end of the lever R has beenraised above and so as to be supported by the pin t.

The filling of the hopper or bowl of the closet may be secured by theuse of a refillchamber, as is common in many water-closets, the closetherein shown being supposed to have such a chamber. yThis refill-chamberconsists ot' a chamber in the upper rear part of the bowl interposedbetweenthe sup-I ply-pipe and the discharge in the bowl and has a smallleakage-opening in its lower part into the bowl. The chamber E of thestarting and stopping devices also acts as refillchambers, and it' madeof sufficient size the refill-chamber in the hopper may be omitted.Whenever the pumps are manually started, they will not stop until thewaterin the chamber E has reached such a height as to raise the rod N bycontact of the floatL therewith, in which position the chamber is filledwith water. As this chamber is connected through pipe e, chamber F, andpipes fandb with the bowl, the water will gradually run out into thebowl, and if the proportions of the charnber E have been properlydesigned and placed for such purpose the bowl may be suficiently iilledthereby.

The pump by means of which the wateris drawn from outside the ship anddischarged into the hopper is provided with an automatically-controlledvalve, which is held closed by the pressure of water from the outside,but which is opened for the ingress of water by the action of the pumpitself upon a piston connectedtherewith.l This valve and its method ofcontrol are clearly shown in Fig. 3. The piston D within theIflu'shing-cylinder D is provided with a valve U2, and the lower end ofthe cylinder is also provided with a valve U. These valves may beof anyusual ordesired construction. The supply of water to the cylinder D isthrough the pipe S and a passage X, which communicates between said pipeand the bottom of the cylinder. A valve V is placed in the supplyconnection, so that it is acted upon by the iiow of water to the pump soas to close the valve-that is, the valve closes toward the pump andpressure of water from outside acts to close the valve instead of toopen it. This pressure maybe supplemented or displaced by the action ofa spring. This valve is mounted upon a rod fu, to which is connected apiston fr', placed withinan auxiliary cylinder V. The end of thiscylinder toward the valve V is connected with the suction or pumpsupplypassage X between the valve V and the pump, Vand the other end isconnected by means of a very small passage X with the opposite ordischarge end of the iiushing-cylinder D. The piston 1J' and the valveact as a diierential piston. Under normal conditions the pressure ofwater from the outside will act upon the valve V to close it. Anypressure of water which may leak past the valveV will act upon thepiston o, so as to bring additional closing pressure upon the valve V.When, however, the piston D of the pump is raised to discharge water,this exerts a suctionupon the outer side of the auxiliary piston o', soas to force it outward, and thus to open the Valve V to admit anadditional supply of water to the lower end of the pump.` By this devicethe valve is positively openedl during the suction movement of the pumproo,

and is normally closed by the pressure of the water from the outside,'sothat the accidental opening of the valve in such manner as to permitleakage in large quantities is prevented. The necessity for opening avalve by hand in order to admit water to the pump is also prevented. Theconnection of the other or inner end of the auxiliary cylinder with thedischarge end of the pump by the passage X permits water to flow in totill the space displaced by the movement of the piston. Making thispassage small converts this end of the cylinder into a dash-pot, whichwill prevent the valve from closing quickly, so that it will not closebetween strokes of the pump. In order to be able to lock the valve V inplace, so as to make everything secure, a screw-threaded stern W isprovided, which may be screwed down so as to engage the rod fu, uponwhich the valve V is placed.

It will be understood that many of the features herein described indetail may be varied without departing from the spirit of myinvention-such, for instance, as the particular form of the pumps andthe manner of operatin g them from the motor may be varied IIO by thesubstitution of any of the usual forms of construction adapted forsimilar purposes. The description of the mechanism herein given isintended only to describe the form which is now preferred by me.

Having thus fully described myinvention, I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patentl. In a water-closet, the combination with abowl or basin, and means for supplying water to said bowl, of adischarge-pump, manuallyoperated means for starting said pump and meansfor subsequently controlling the operation of the pump consisting of'aby-pass connecting the supply with the discharge and containing achamber having a larger inlet than outlet, and a float in said chamber.

2. The combination with a water-closet of a discharge mechanism thereforcomprising a power-actuated pump having a suction connection with thebowl of the closet, and an automatic starting and stopping device forsaid pump controlled by the water-level in said bowl, and means formanually starting said motor.

3. The combination with the basin of a plumbing-fixture, of apower-operated pump having a suction connection with said basin and anautomatic starting and stopping device for said pump controlled by thelevel of the water in the basin, and means for manually setting saidmotor in action.

4. The combination with a basin of a plumbing fixture and a dischargingmechanism therefor, of a starting and stopping device for said mechanismcomprising a chamber separate from said basin having a water-supplyconnection with the discharging mechanism, and a iioat in said chamber,adapted by its rise and fall to control the starting and stoppingmechanism.

5. In a water-closet the combination with a pump connected with thecloset bowl or basin to discharge it, a flushing-pump discharging intothe bowl, and a motor connected to operate both pumps, of two sets ofstarting and stopping mechanisms for said motor, one set being fullyautomatic in its action and controlled by the level of water in thebowl, and the other set designed to be manually set in motion andcontaining a time-delayed automatic stopping device.

G. The combination with a water closet bowl, of a Iiushing-pump, a motorfor operating the pump, a device for starting the motor, a vesselcontaining a iioat adapted to stop the motor when raised to a certainpoint, and a supply connection from said vessel to the pump.

7. The combination with a water closet bowl, of a iiushing-pump, a motorfor operating the pump, a device for starting the motor, a vessel havinga supply connection with said pump and asmaller drainage-outlet, and afloat in said vessel adapted to stop the motor when it reaches a certainpoint.

S. The combination with a watercloset bowl, of a flushing-pump, a motorfor operating the pump, a device for starting the n10- tor, an auxiliaryor branch connection between the pump and discharge, and ahydraulically-operated delayed stopping device for said motor insertedin said branch.

9. The combination with a water -closet bowl, of a discharging devicetherefor, a hopper-flushing pump, a motor for operating the saiddevices, a device for starting the motor, a water-operated stoppingdevice for said motor and a water-supply connection therefor from theflushing-pump.

10. An elevating discharge and flushing mechanism for a water-closet,comprising separate flushing and discharging pumps having suitableconnection with the bowl, a motor for operating said pumps, manuallyactuated means for starting the motor when desired, and ahydraulically-operated automatic stopping device for said motor having asupply connection with the flushing-pump.

1l. An elevating discharge and flushing mechanism for a water-closet,comprising separate flushing and discharging pumps having suitableconnection with the bowl, a motor for operating said pumps, means forstarting the motor when desired, a hydraulically-operated automaticstopping device for said motor having a supply connection with theflushing-pump and also having a drainageoutlet of a less capacity thanthe supply connection. l

l2. An elevating discharge and flushing mechanism fora water-closet,comprising separate Bushing and discharging pumps having suitableconnection with the bowl, a motor for operating said pumps, means forstarting the motor when desired, a hydraulically-operated automaticstopping device for said motor having a supply connection with theflushing-pu mp and a drainage connection with the ydischarge-pump ofless capacity than its supply connection.

13. An elevating discharge and iiushing mechanism for a water-closet,comprising separate iiushing and discharging pumps having suitableconnection with the bowl, a motor for operating said pumps, means forstarting the motor when desired, a hydraulically-operated automaticstopping device for said motor having a supply connection with theflushing pump and a drainage-outlet, and means for controlling the areasof said connections.

14. An elevating discharge and iiushing mechanism for a water-closet,comprising separate flushing and discharging pumps having suitableconnection with the bowl, a motor for operating said pumps, means forstarting the motor when desired, a hydraulically-operated automaticstopping device for said motor having a supply connection with theflushing-pu mp and a drainage connection with the discharge-pump, and acontrolling-valve for each of said connections.

l5. In a pump the combination with a cylin- IIO der and piston thereinof a valve controlling the supply to said cylinder and opening inopposition to the flow of the supply, and hydraulically-operated openingmeans for said valve having operative connection with the pump suction.

16. In a pump for use with a supply delivered under pressure, thecombination with the pump-cylinder and valved piston therein, of a valvein the supply connection adapted to be closed by the pressure of saidsupply, an auxiliary cylinder and a piston therein connected with saidvalve, a pump supply connection with said auxiliary cylinder between itspiston and connected valve, a check- Valve in said supply connection,and a permanent free connection between the discharge end of thepump-cylinder and tbe auxiliary cylinder on the opposite side of thepiston from the supply or suction connection whereby the valve is openedby suction.

17. In apump the combination with a cylinder and piston, of asupply-controlling valve closing toward the cylinder, an auxiliarypiston connected with and of alarger area than said valve, the oppositesides of said piston being connected respectively, one with the suctiononly and the other with the discharge only from the pump, whereby thetendency of both the suction and the discharge is to open said valve.

18. In a pump the combination witha cylinder and piston therein of avalve controlling the supply to said cylinder and opening in oppositionto the flow ofthe supply, hydraulically-operated opening means for saidvalve having operative connection with the pump suction, and a dash-potdevice acting to prevent closure of the valve between strokes.

19. In a pump for use with a supply delivered under pressure thecombination with the pump-cylinder and piston, of a valve in the supplyconnection and adapted to be closed by the pressure of said supply, anauxiliary cylinder and a piston therein connected with said valve, theend of said cylinder between the valve and piston being connected withthe suction, and the other end of the cylinder having a restrictedconnection with the discharge and having no direct connection betweenopposite sides of the piston.

20. In a pump for use with a supply delivered under pressure thecombination with the pump-cylinder and piston, of a valve in the supplyconnection and adapted to be closed by the pressure of said supply, anauxiliary cylinder and a piston therein of a larger area than andconnected with said valve, the end of said cylinder next said valvefreely connecting with the suction end only of the pump and the oppositeend of the cylinder having a restricted inlet and outlet passage wherebyit acts as a dash-pot to prevent rapid seating of the valve.

21. The combination with a pump of a valve controlling the supply tosaid pump, a hydraulically-operated opening device for said valve havingoperative connection with the pump suction, and a retarding deviceacting upon said valve to prevent its rapid closing.

22. The combination with a pump, of a valve controlling the supply tosaid pump and opening in opposition to the flow of said supply, ahydraulically-operated opening device for said valve having operativeconnection with the pump suction, and a dash-pot connected with thevalve to prevent rapid closing thereof.

23. In a pump for use with a supply under pressure, the combination withthe pump-cylinder and piston, of a check-valve in the supply connectionclosing toward the pump, an auxiliary cylinder and a piston therein oflarger diameter than the valve and connected with said valve, saidauxiliary cylinder being connected with the pump suction between itspiston and connected valve.

24. A con trolling-valve for pump-supply connections under pressure,comprising a check-valve closing with the pressure of the supply, anauxiliary cylinder, a piston therein of larger size than the valve andconnected therewith, and connections from a point in said cylinderbetween the piston and valve to the pump-supply between the valve, andpump.

25. In a pump for use with a supply under pressure, the combination withthe pump and i its piston, of a check-valve in the supply connection ofsaid pump and closing toward the pump, an auxiliary or valve-openingcylinder and piston of larger size than and connected with the valve,the two ends ot' said cylinder being at no time connected, andconnections from the end of said auxiliary cylinder between its pistonand the check-valve to the pump suction between said check-valve and thepump.

26. In a pump for use with a supply under pressure, the combination withthe pump and its piston, of a check-valve in the pump-supply and closingtoward the pump, a valvecontrolling cylinder and piston of larger sizethan and connected with said check-valve, the two ends of thecylinder-.being at all times without direct connection, the end of thecylinder between its piston and the Valve forming a part of the pumpsuction, and connections from the other end of said cylinder with thepump-discharge.

27. A discharge mechanism for water-closets, comprising adischarge-pump, an auxiliary pump,a motor for operating said pumps,manually-actuated means for starting the motor, and an automatic stopfor the motor actuated by the auxiliary pump and containing a delayingmember.

JORDAN L. MOTT, JR.

Witnesses:

MAX GOEBEL, HENRY MOSFORD.

IIO

